Mindblown: a blog about philosophy.
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Skeletal Muscle
Skeletal muscle, attached to bones, is responsible for skeletal movements. The peripheral portion of the central nervous system (CNS) controls the skeletal muscles. Thus, these muscles are under conscious, or voluntary, control. The basic unit is the muscle fiber with many nuclei. These muscle fibers are striated (having transverse streaks) and each acts independently of neighboring muscle fibers.
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Muscle Types
In the body, there are three types of muscle: skeletal (striated), smooth, and cardiac.
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Structure of Skeletal Muscle
A whole skeletal muscle is considered an organ of the muscular system. Each organ or muscle consists of skeletal muscle tissue, connective tissue, nerve tissue, and blood or vascular tissue. Skeletal muscles vary considerably in size, shape, and arrangement of fibers. They range from extremely tiny strands such as the stapedium muscle of the middle ear to large masses such as the muscles of the thigh. Some skeletal muscles are broad in shape…
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Introduction to the Muscular System
The muscular system is composed of specialized cells called muscle fibers. Their predominant function is contractibility. Muscles, attached to bones or internal organs and blood vessels, are responsible for movement. Nearly all movement in the body is the result of muscle contraction. Exceptions to this are the action of cilia, the flagellum on sperm cells, and amoeboid movement of some white blood cells. The integrated action of joints, bones,…
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Review
Here is what we have learned from Introduction to the Skeletal System: The human skeleton is well-adapted for the functions it must perform. Functions of bones include support, protection, movement, mineral storage, and formation of blood cells. There are two types of bone tissue: compact and spongy. Compact bone consists of closely packed osteons, or haversian…
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Diarthroses
Most joints in the adult body are diarthroses, or freely movable joints. The singular form is diarthrosis. In this type of joint, the ends of the opposing bones are covered with hyaline cartilage, the articular cartilage, and they are separated by a space called the joint cavity. The components of the joints are enclosed in a dense fibrous…
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Amphiarthroses
Slightly movable joints are called amphiarthroses. The singular form is amphiarthrosis. In this type of joint, the bones are connected by hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage. The ribs connected to the sternum by costal cartilages are slightly movable joints connected by hyaline cartilage. The symphysis pubis is a slightly movable joint in which there is a fibrocartilage pad between the two bones. The joints between…
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Synarthroses
Synarthroses are immovable joints. The singular form is synarthrosis. In these joints, the bones come in very close contact and are separated only by a thin layer of fibrous connective tissue. The sutures in the skull are examples of immovable joints.
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Articulations
An articulation, or joint, is where two bones come together. In terms of the amount of movement they allow, there are three types of joints: immovable, slightly movable and freely movable.
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Appendicular Skeleton (126 bones)
Pectoral girdles Clavicle (2) Scapula (2) Upper Extremity Humerus (2) Radius (2) Ulna (2) Carpals (16) Metacarpals (10) Phalanges (28) Pelvic Girdle Coxal, innominate, or hip bones (2) Lower Extremity Femur (2) Tibia (2) Fibula (2) Patella (2) Tarsals (14) Metatarsals (10) Phalanges (28)
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