Category: En-Eq

Endocarditis: an inflammation of one or more of the heart valves and lining tissues of the heart. Having existing congenital defects or damage to the heart valves increases the risk of developing endocarditis. The most common cause of endocarditis is bacterial infection, but fungi can also cause the condition. Symptoms are nonspecific and include fever, chills, and weakness. Long-term…

A characteristic of a particular population, environment, or region. Examples of endemic diseases include chicken pox that occurs at a predictable rate among young school children in the United States and malaria in some areas of Africa. The disease is present in a community at all times but in relatively low frequency. By contrast, there are the related terms “epidemic”…

ESRD. Chronic irreversible renal failure.Also known as Chronic Kidney Disease Stage 6 or CKD 6. The state where renal replacement therapy is needed, either dialysis or transplant.

The last phase in the course of a progressive disease. As in end-stage liver disease, end-stage lung disease, end-stage renal disease, end-stage cancer, etc. The term “end stage” has come to replace “terminal”.

Disease, damage, or malfunction of the brain. In general, encephalopathy is manifested by an altered mental state that is sometimes accompanied by physical changes. Although numerous causes of encephalopathy are known, the majority of cases arise from infection, liver damage, anoxia, or kidney failure. The term encephalopathy is very broad and, in most cases, is preceded by various…

Inflammation of the brain, which may be caused by a bacterium, a virus, or an allergic reaction. Some forms of viral encephalitis are contagious. Encephalitis usually runs a short course, with full recovery within a week, but can cause brain damage and death. Treatment of encephalitis must begin as early as possible to avoid potentially serious and…

Confined to a specific area. For example, an encapsulated tumor remains in a compact form.

Or enanthema, is a rash inside the body. An example: the spots in measles (Koplik’s spots) inside the mouth that look like a tiny grains of white sand surrounded by a red ring. By contrast, a rash on the outside of the body is called an exanthem. A patient with measles may have both an exanthem and an enanthem or…